General information
The starting system includes a battery, a starter, a traction relay, an ignition switch, and a locking switch (only on cars with automatic transmission) and wires.
When the starter is turned on, current from the battery begins to flow through the starter traction relay winding, the relay armature is pulled in and the relay contacts are closed. At the same time, the relay anchor moves the freewheel clutch with the gear through the lever. The freewheel clutch hub rotates on the helical splines of the starter shaft together with the gear, which facilitates its engagement with the flywheel ring gear. Current flows through the closed contacts of the traction relay, supplying power to the stator and armature windings, and the starter armature begins to rotate together with the hub and freewheel clutch.
On vehicles with 6VD1-W petrol engines and diesel engines, starters with a planetary gear located between the starter electric motor and the freewheel clutch are installed.
After the engine starts running, the rotation speed of the pinion exceeds the rotation speed of the starter armature, the freewheel clutch rotates freely and torque is not transmitted from the flywheel to the starter shaft. After the ignition key is released, the power supply circuit of the traction relay winding is opened, the traction relay anchor is pressed back to its original position by the spring, the relay contacts are opened and the drive gear disengages from the flywheel ring gear.
Main faults of the starter
When the starter is turned on, the starter motor does not work
The reasons for this may be a failure of the starter or traction relay, as well as a defect in the wires. To detect a malfunction, first check for voltage at the control terminal of the traction relay. The absence of voltage when the starter is turned on indicates damage to the electrical circuit, and if voltage is present, a malfunction of the traction relay or starter. If, when the starter is turned on, voltage is supplied to the traction relay, but it does not turn on (there is no characteristic click), then the traction relay is faulty (winding break or short circuit to ground). The presence of a characteristic click of the traction relay indicates that the relay contacts are burnt out or that the starter itself is out of order.
[Article posted on Internet portal opelbook]
The operation of the starter motor can be checked by briefly applying voltage, using an additional large-section wire, to the contact of the traction relay on the side of the electric motor. If the electric motor starts working, then the cause of the malfunction should be sought in the traction relay.
The starter turns slowly and does not start the engine
The reasons for this may be a discharged battery, too thick oil in the engine lubrication system, graphite brushes not pressed sufficiently against the starter motor collector, poor condition of the collector working surface, and worn starter bearings.
When the ignition key is released from the "engine start" position, the starter continues to operate
The reasons for this may be sticking of the traction relay contacts or the ignition switch not opening the starter circuit. In this case, immediately turn off the ignition and disconnect the battery, then fix the problem.
Visitor comments