Visual control of leaks
2. With an oily engine and high oil consumption, check the places where leaks are most likely to develop:
- a) Open the filler cap and check the seal for cracks or damage;
- b) Crankcase ventilation: eg vent hose from cylinder head cover to air intake hose;
- c) Cylinder head cover gasket;
- d) Cylinder head gasket;
- e) Oil drain plug (sealing ring);
- f) Oil pump gasket;
- g) Oil pan gasket;
- h) Front and rear oil seals for camshafts and crankshafts.
Since in the presence of leaks, oil spreads over the surface of the engine, it is difficult to immediately determine the location of leaks. To detect leaks, proceed as follows:
3. Wrap the generator in polyethylene. Spray the engine with a normal cold cleaner and after a short time wash it with water at a car wash.
4. Sprinkle the joints of the engine components on the outside with lime or talc.
5. Check the oil level, top up if necessary.
6. Take a Test Drive (about 30 km) to bring the oil up to normal operating temperature.
7. Finally, using a portable lamp for illumination, examine the engine, locate leaks and repair the problem.
Level check
8. When the engine oil level drops to the minimum allowable value, the corresponding control lamp will light up on the instrument cluster (see chapter «Controls and methods of operation»). Checking the current level of impellent oil is carried out using a dipstick threaded into the guide tube and lowered into the engine to the lowest point of its oil pan.
9. The oil level should be checked before the first ride of the day, or approximately 5 minutes after the engine has been stopped. If the check is performed immediately after the engine is turned off, the results will not adequately reflect the situation, as part of the oil will be distributed to the internal galleries and engine components.
10. Remove the feeler gauge from the guide tube and wipe the feeler blade dry with a clean cloth or paper towel. Insert the dipstick back into the tube until it stops, then remove it again. After examining the probe blade, estimate the size of the area wetted with oil. The oil level must be between the upper and lower marks on the dipstick blade (see resist. illustrations). If necessary, top up the engine with the appropriate amount of oil of the required grade.
4.10a. Propeller for measuring the level of impellent oil - option A | 4.10b. Propeller for measuring the level of impellent oil - option B |
11. To raise the level from the bottom (MIN) marks on the dipstick to the top (MAX) Approximately 1 liter of oil is required. Lowering the level beyond the lower limit of the permissible range leads to the development of engine oil starvation, which is fraught with serious mechanical damage to the latter. Also try not to overfill the oil above the upper mark, as this can lead to throwing spark plugs, failure of the catalytic converter, as well as (as a result of excessive pressure increase) oil seals of the power unit - when overflowing oil, it should be pumped out using a special tool. If the engine is frequently used at high loads, for example, in regions with a hot climate or in mountainous areas, as well as when towing a trailer, the oil volume may increase as a result of thermal expansion, but it should not exceed the upper mark on the dipstick - do not top up the oil level when topping up up to the MAX mark.
12. In order to fill the engine with oil, it is necessary to remove the threaded filler cap. Use a funnel or an oil can with a long spout to avoid splashing oil when filling it into the engine. After filling in the oil, screw on and firmly tighten the cap, then start the engine and carefully inspect the drain plug mating surface of the oil filter for signs of leakage. Stop the engine, wait about 5 minutes for the oil to drain into the sump, then check the level again.
13. Checking the engine oil level is an important preventative engine maintenance procedure. Oil consumption and its condition can be used to roughly determine the condition of the engine. A constantly low level indicates the presence of oil leaks as a result of failed oil seals, damaged seals, worn piston rings or valve guides.
Note: During the first few thousand kilometers, as a result of the running-in of moving parts and mechanisms, the oil consumption slightly exceeds the figures given in the Specifications - this is not a sign of an engine malfunction.
14. When measuring the oil level, always also check its condition. Using your thumb and forefinger, remove traces of oil from the dipstick blade - if there are small metal particles in it, the oil must be replaced (see Section 6).If the oil resembles milk in color or consistency, or there are drops of water in it, this indicates a possible damage to the cylinder head gasket, or the formation of cracks in the body of the head or block. The check must be made without delay.
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