2. The generator is driven by a multirib belt from the engine crankshaft.
3. The vehicles in question use an alternator. When installing additional electrical equipment, check that the generator has enough power to provide electricity to new consumers.
4. When the generator is running, the electric current flowing through the field winding creates a magnetic flux around the rotor poles. When the rotor rotates, its magnetic poles periodically change under each stator tooth, as a result, the magnetic flux passing through the teeth continuously changes in magnitude and voltage. This variable magnetic flux creates an electromotive force in the stator winding (EMF).
5. At a high rotor speed, when the generator output voltage begins to exceed 13.6-14.5 V, the voltage regulator is locked, and no current passes through the field winding. When the voltage drops, the regulator opens again, allowing free flow of current through the field winding. The higher the rotor speed, the longer the regulator remains locked and, accordingly, the voltage at the generator output decreases more. The process of locking and unlocking the regulator occurs at a high frequency, so the output fluctuations remain almost imperceptible and the generator voltage can be considered constant, maintained at the level of 13.6-14.5 V.
6. The charging system does not require periodic maintenance, however, the condition and replacement of the alternator drive belt, battery and its wiring should be done on a regular basis in accordance with the maintenance schedule (see chapter 1).
7. The serviceability of the charge system is monitored using the corresponding lamp on the instrument cluster (see chapter «Controls and methods of operation»).
Generator Maintenance Safety Precautions
- Do not disconnect the battery or voltage regulator while the engine is running;
- Do not ground the generator excitation terminal or the cable attached to it;
- Do not confuse the order of connecting the voltage regulator wiring;
- When charging the battery without removing it from the car, make sure that both wires are disconnected from it;
- Remember that the inclusion of a voltage regulator closed to ground leads to its instantaneous failure;
- Never remove the generator with the battery connected;
- Never use voltage meters or test lamps connected to a household network when checking on-board electrical equipment (110/220V);
- When checking the condition of the diodes, do not apply a voltage of more than 12 V to them and do not use megohmmeters, which also have a high output voltage - breakdown of the diodes will lead to a short circuit. Remember that when checking the insulation of the electrical wiring with a megohmmeter, it is necessary to disconnect all electrical wiring from the generator;
- Before carrying out any electric welding work on the car, do not forget to disconnect the electrical wiring from the generator and battery;
- Any checks of circuits and on-board wiring assemblies should be carried out with the engine off and the battery disconnected;
- Remember that reversing the polarity of any connections carries the risk of permanent damage to the rectifier and generator voltage regulator.
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