2. The starting system consists of a starter, battery, ignition switch, traction relay and connecting electrical wiring.
3. Depending on the model, starters of different brands can be installed. Below is the general principle of operation of the starter.
4. The starter is a DC electric motor with mixed excitation and an externally mounted electromagnetic traction relay. The starter consists of a housing (stator) with excitation windings, an anchor with an overrunning clutch, a cover with brush holders and a traction relay.
5. When the starter is turned on, current from the battery begins to flow through the winding of the traction relay. The relay armature is pulled in and the contacts are closed. At the same time, the relay armature, through the drive lever, ensures the extension of the gear with the overrunning clutch, while the hub of the clutch rotates on the helical splines of the starter armature shaft and also rotates the gear, which facilitates the entry of the latter into engagement with the toothed ring of the flywheel. Current flows through the closed contacts of the traction relay, feeding the stator and armature windings, and the starter armature begins to rotate together with the hub and the overrunning clutch.
6. After the engine is started, the rotation speed of the pinion exceeds the rotation speed of the starter anchor. In this case, the overrunning clutch rotates freely, and the torque is not transmitted from the engine flywheel to the starter anchor shaft. After releasing the ignition key, the power supply circuit of the traction relay windings through the ignition switch is opened, the anchor of the traction relay is pressed back to its original position by the spring, the relay contacts are opened and the drive pinion disengages from the toothed ring of the flywheel.
7. The starter with a solenoid relay is located parallel to the engine crankshaft and is attached to the power unit.
8. When performing maintenance, it is necessary to ensure a perfect connection of the electrical wiring, remove traces of corrosion on the terminals and lubricate them with a special lubricant.
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