Heating and ventilation system
7. The main components of the interior heating system (see resist. illustrations 1.7a and 1.7b) are an electric fan with several speeds and a heat exchanger placed in a box-shaped heater casing, fixed under the dashboard of the car. The heat exchanger is connected to the engine cooling system by means of hoses. The control unit for the functioning of the heater / air conditioner is mounted in the instrument panel of the car. The coolant heated in the engine circulates through the heater heat exchanger, giving off its heat to the air filling the casing. When the interior heating is turned on, the leaf damper opens, as a result of which the internal volume of the heater casing is connected to the volume of the passenger compartment. When the fan is turned on, the impeller of the latter begins to drive the air supplied to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger, providing it with intensive heating. Air exits the passenger compartment through vents at the rear of the vehicle (see illustration 1.7c).
1.7a. Basic elements of an HVAC system (without climate control): 1. Control panel for the operation of the heater / air conditioner (HVAC); 2. Electric motor drive control air flow distribution; 3. Damper body of air circulation system; 4. The electric motor of the drive of the circulation damper; 5. Fan electric motor; 6. Resistive fan motor assembly; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Heater hoses
1.7b. Elements of the HVAC system: 1. Evaporator; 2. Wiring connector of the air distributor assembly; 3. Expansion valve
1.7s. Corsa C cabin ventilation scheme
Note: If necessary, on models of the corresponding configuration, the cabin air circulation mode can be activated.
8. Air supply to the passenger compartment is carried out through the front level deflectors, foot well nozzles and windshield air deflectors (see resist. illustration). Before air enters the passenger compartment, it is cleaned by a dust filter.
1.8. Sleeves of air supply to salon: 1. Sleeve air supply to the windshield; 2, 5, 12. Sleeves for supplying air to the deflectors of the front level; 3, 14. Side sleeves; 4, 13. Upper side deflectors for blowing side windows; 6, 11. Side deflectors of the front level; 7. Fan electric motor; 8. Air supply hose to the passenger foot well; 9. Sleeve air supply to the driver's foot well; 10. Central deflectors of the front level
9. Diesel models can be equipped with an additional nozzle-type heater. It is installed behind the front bumper on the driver's side. The coolant passes through the auxiliary heater heat exchanger and is heated, thereby reducing the warm-up time of a cold engine and increasing the efficiency of interior heating. The auxiliary heater is activated when the engine is started at low outside temperatures and/or if the diesel engine produces too little heat to heat the passenger compartment.
10. Messages about the occurrence of malfunctions in HVAC systems are recorded in the electronic memory unit of the ECM and can be read when a special scanner is connected - accurate diagnosis is not possible without the above device.
11. The rules for using the controls for the operation of HVAC systems are detailed in Chapter «Controls and methods of operation».
Attention: If, as part of work on the heater, work is also carried out on electrical equipment, it is imperative to disconnect the battery (see chapter 5).
Air conditioning system (K/V)
12. At the request of the owner, the car can be equipped with air conditioning. The air conditioner is installed as a single system with the heating system and, together with it, maintains the set air temperature in the cabin.
13. The air conditioning system includes a condenser installed on the radiator of the cooling system, an evaporator located next to the heat exchanger of the heater, a compressor mounted on the engine block, and a receiver-drier (battery), equipped with a high pressure reducing valve. All components are interconnected by refrigeration lines (see resist. illustration). The compressor is driven from the crankshaft by means of a multiribbed belt.
1.13. The general layout of the elements of the A/C system in the engine compartment: 1. Service connector of the high-pressure circuit; 2. Connecting connector; 3. Expansion valve; 4. Separator of the refrigeration line (air conditioner); 5. Pressure switch; 6. Capacitor; 7. Compressor; 8. Receiver-drier; 9. Refrigerator line separator; 10. Service connector of the low-pressure circuit
14. The principle of operation of the air conditioning system is schematically shown in Ref. illustrations. In cooling mode, the air conditioner works on the principle of a refrigerator: the compressor compresses the refrigerant gas (R 134 A freon-free), while the refrigerant is heated and sent to the condenser, where it is cooled and liquefied. Passing through the expansion valve, the refrigerant expands and enters the evaporator, turning into vapor - the process is accompanied by a strong absorption of heat.
1.14. Functional diagram of the A/C system: 1. Fan; 2. Evaporator; 3. Expansion valve; 4. Service connector of the low-pressure circuit; 5. Pulsation damper; 6. Service connector of the high-pressure circuit; 7. Pulsation damper; 8. Pressure switch; 9. Receiver-drier; 10. Additional fan; 11. Capacitor; 12. Compressor; A. Inlet flow of cold air driven through the condenser heat exchanger; b. Outlet flow of heated air driven through the condenser heat exchanger and taking heat from the refrigerant; With. The airflow generated by the fan; d. The air flow driven through the evaporator heat exchanger; A. The gas phase of the high-pressure circuit; B. The liquid phase of the high-pressure circuit; C. The liquid phase of the low-pressure circuit; D. Low pressure gas phase
15. The fan drives the air entering the passenger compartment through the evaporator heat exchanger. Due to the process of evaporation and expansion of the refrigerant, the heat of the air flowing around the evaporator is absorbed. The air is cooled and the resulting moisture turns into condensate, which is directed outside the vehicle interior. The intensity of the cooling process depends on the set temperature and on the setting of the fan switch.
16. At the request of the user, the air conditioning system can be turned off, which turns off the compressor, and for vehicles with a diesel engine, in addition, the additional heating element is turned off - this significantly reduces fuel consumption.
17. HVAC system with automatic temperature control can be installed as an option (climate control). The automatic operation mode maintains a constant, user-selected temperature in the passenger compartment and dehumidifies the air entering the passenger compartment. In addition, the amount and distribution of air supplied to the passenger compartment are automatically regulated, as well as fluctuations in outside temperature are compensated. When ECO mode is activated (ECO) the air conditioner is turned off, but the heating and ventilation systems continue to operate in automatic mode.
18. The rules for using the controls for the operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems are detailed in Chapter «Controls and methods of operation».
19. The lubrication of the moving parts of the A/C system is ensured by the components contained in the refrigerant and its regular circulation, which prevents the formation of pores in the seals and the occurrence of corrosion. Therefore, even if there is no need to use the air conditioner, especially during the cold season, it should be turned on at least once a month for a short time at the highest power. Switching on should be carried out at a uniform speed of the vehicle and with a warm engine.
Attention: Works with the conditioner should be carried out only by experts of HUNDRED. For this reason, repair of the air conditioner is not described here! Do not open the refrigerant circuit, as the refrigerant may cause frostbite if it comes into contact with the skin!
Security measures for servicing the A/C system
The A/C system should only be serviced by trained technicians who are trained in safe work practices using the proper equipment and in compliance with depressurization rules, as well as familiar with the methods of collecting and storing automotive refrigerant.
- Avoid skin contact with refrigerant;
- When working near the A/C system, wear protective goggles;
- If refrigerant comes into contact with skin or eyes, do not rub the affected area. Immediately flush the affected area with cold water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical attention at a healthcare facility. Self-medication is not allowed;
- The refrigerant is stored in pressurized cylinders. Store the cylinder at a temperature not exceeding +50°C. Take measures to prevent the cylinder from falling from a height or other situations that may lead to its damage;
- Work should be carried out in a well-ventilated area. The refrigerant is colorless and odorless, evaporates quickly, leads to a decrease in oxygen access and difficulty breathing;
- The gaseous refrigerant is heavier than air and must collect relatively quickly at the bottom, for example, under a car;
- When the refrigerant burns, poisonous gas is produced. Keep refrigerant away from open flames. Do not smoke when working with the A/C system;
- When carrying out welding work near the A/C system, do not expose it to high temperatures or open flames. Overheating can lead to an increase in pressure in the system and ignition;
- Cleaning the condenser or evaporator with steam is not permitted. Use only cold water or compressed air.
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