General information
1. The fuel system of any internal combustion engine consists of a fuel supply system and an air supply system.
2. The main elements of the fuel supply system are the fuel tank installed at the rear under the vehicle and the electric fuel pump placed in it (low pressure) and a fuel filter. All elements of the system are connected to each other by fuel lines.
3. The air supply system includes an air cleaner with a replaceable filter element, an air duct system, a resonator, a turbocharger and an intercooler (intercooler).
4. Gasoline models are equipped with a fuel vapor recovery system (EVAP), the main elements of which are the adsorber and the electromagnetic valve. Harmful gasoline vapors from the ventilation system of the fuel tank enter the adsorber and accumulate there. When the engine is running, fuel vapors from the adsorber are fed into the engine cylinders, where they are burned. The fuel vapor adsorber is mounted on the right rear wing of the car.
5. The engine power supply system is closely connected and functions as a single unit with engine management systems and ignition system (gasoline engines) (see Chapter 5).
6. The process of forming the working mixture and feeding it to the engine cylinders in modern cars is controlled by electronics, therefore almost all the main elements of the engine fuel system are equipped with control sensors. There is no drive cable from the gas pedal; its functions are performed by a special pedal position sensor.
7. All data received from the information sensors is processed in the electronic module of the engine control system, which, based on their analysis, controls the timing and amount of fuel supplied to the cylinders, ensuring optimal performance characteristics of the power unit regardless of changes in external factors.
8. If a malfunction occurs in any component of the engine management system, the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on the instrument panel is activated (see Chapter "Controls and operating techniques"), and the control system goes into emergency mode. If the warning light comes on, the car should be taken to an authorized Opel service station as soon as possible for detailed diagnostics using special equipment (see Chapter 5)and carrying out the necessary restoration repairs.
9. The driver receives information about the remaining fuel reserve in the tank using the meter and indicator lamp built into the instrument cluster. In addition, data on the consumption mode is displayed on the display of the infotainment system (see Chapter "Controls and operating techniques", there are also tips on how to reduce fuel consumption).
Safety precautions and rules for maintaining cleanliness when working with the fuel system
10. Gasoline is a highly flammable liquid. Do not approach the work site with an open flame or a lit cigarette. Do not perform maintenance on the system in rooms equipped with natural gas-powered heating devices and equipped with a control torch (such as water heaters and clothes dryers). Always keep a fire extinguisher handy!
11. Fuel vapors are toxic - ensure adequate ventilation of the workplace. Fuel (especially gasoline) is a carcinogen, i.e., a substance that promotes cancer development! Try to avoid fuel coming into contact with exposed areas of the body - use rubber protective gloves and goggles, in case of accidental unexpected contact with fuel, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap. Collect spilled fuel immediately. Do not store rags soaked in fuel near open fire sources.
12. The fuel system is under pressure even when the engine is stopped (petrol models). When opening the system, it is necessary to first release the pressure using a special device (see below).
13. When working with components of the diesel engine fuel system, take special precautions. This statement applies especially to injector maintenance procedures. Remember that the fuel pressure at the outlet of the injectors is more than 1000 atm - do not put your hands or other body parts under the stream.
14. Band and clamp type clamps are used to secure hose connections. After disconnecting the hoses, clamp clamps should be replaced with band or worm clamps. Fixing the locks of some clamps requires the use of special devices - consult with Opel service station specialists.
15. Before disconnecting the nipple connectors, thoroughly wipe them from the outside to prevent dirt from getting inside the tract.
16. Place the removed components on a clean lining and wrap them in polyethylene or paper - avoid using lint-producing rags for wiping and wrapping the components.
17. If the repair requires time, ensure that all open holes in the fuel system components and assemblies are properly plugged.
18. Install only clean parts. Remove spare parts from their packaging only immediately before installation. Do not use parts that have been stored unpackaged (for example, in a toolbox).
19. Do not use sealants containing silicone. Silicone particles that get into the engine do not burn and may cause damage to the lambda probe.
20. Before removing the fuel tank, it is necessary to drain the fuel or pump it out with a pump specially designed for this purpose. But even an empty tank is explosive! Before disposing of the tank or before performing repair work to restore the tank (soldering, welding, cutting, etc.) it is necessary to neutralize the effect of gasoline vapors, for which the exhaust gases of another car are usually passed through the tank for a sufficiently long time. It would be best and most correct to entrust the restoration repair or disposal of the tank to service station specialists.
21. Do not use compressed air to perform any maintenance or repair work with the fuel system open. Do not move the vehicle unless absolutely necessary.
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