Engine cooling is carried out by a sealed system (pressure above atmospheric), equipped with a pump. The system consists of a radiator, a pump driven by an engine timing belt, an electric fan, a thermostat, an expansion tank and connecting hoses. Special hoses carry coolant to and from the heater matrix.
The system works as follows. Cold coolant from the bottom of the radiator, installed in the front of the engine compartment, is supplied to the cooling system pump, which pumps it into the channels of the engine cooling jacket. The fluid cools the engine and returns to the radiator through the heater matrix. Passing through the radiator, the liquid cools and the cycle repeats.
The radiator is cooled by the air flow generated during the movement of the car. However, if the coolant temperature exceeds a certain value, the thermal switch turns on an electric fan to increase airflow through the radiator. The fan only runs when needed, which reduces noise and energy consumption.
To speed up the warm-up of the engine when starting from a cold state, a thermostat is installed in the outlet pipe of the cylinder head, blocking the flow of coolant to the radiator until the engine temperature rises to a certain value. In this case, the coolant does not enter the radiator, but is again sent to the engine. When the liquid is heated to the desired temperature, the thermostat will open, allowing the liquid to flow to the radiator. The thermostat valve is actuated by a wax capsule that expands when heated.
The expansion tank receives the excess coolant generated when it expands. You can add fluid to the system through the filler neck of the expansion tank.
Please note that some late model coolant hoses have special spring clips. These clamps can be loosened by squeezing the loose ends with large pliers or a similar tool.
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