Petrol engines installed on Opel vehicles are equipped with electronic fuel injection systems: an integrated injection control system for each cylinder and an ignition system (DOHC-I) with sequential injection. This injection system provides highly efficient preparation of the air-fuel mixture. Each cylinder is equipped with a separate fuel injector that sprays fuel just before the cylinder intake valve.
The principle of external mixture formation: fuel is injected directly before the intake valve. The air-fuel mixture thus entering the combustion chamber is homogeneous. Due to the close proximity of the intake valve and the fuel injector, the mixture quickly enters the combustion chamber. This reduces the chance of gasoline vapors entering the intake manifold. Electronically controlled fuel injection systems differ on different types of engines, but the principle of their operation is almost the same. Differences appear mainly only in the parameters and locations of these blocks.
An electric fuel pump pumps fuel through a distribution pipe (fuel distributor) to the fuel injectors. The pressure regulator maintains a constant pressure in the system and sends unused fuel back to the fuel tank.
The electronic throttle control unit contains the throttle valve, which is connected to the accelerator pedal via a sensor and a control unit. The more the pedal is depressed, the more the throttle valve opens. When the pedal is fully depressed, the damper opens completely. The throttle sensor and the idle speed stabilization valve are also located here. When the engine is heavily loaded at idle, with the air conditioner running or the electric power steering engaged at full power, this valve allows additional air to be supplied. The electronic engine control unit detects an increase in air flow using an intake air meter and gives the command to inject more fuel. This will stabilize the idle.
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