The primary shaft of the manual gearbox has 5 or 6 forward gears (5- or 6-speed gearbox) and one reverse. All forward drive gears are in constant engagement with the corresponding driven gears. Some gears are made as one piece with the shafts, others are mounted on needle bearings, which ensure silent rotation of the gears. When the gearshift lever is in neutral, torque is not transmitted from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.
The gears rotate freely while the shift lever is in neutral. The gears are engaged by moving the sliding clutch of the synchronizer, as a result of which the gear is rigidly connected to the gearbox shaft. For this purpose, each shaft has its own synchronizers for the corresponding gears.
In order for the gears to engage with each other, their rotation speeds must be equalized. This is achieved using synchronizers, which touch each other before the gears engage and, by friction, equalize the rotation speeds of the shafts.
The number of revolutions of the first three gears is less than the number of revolutions of the engine, the number of revolutions of the fourth gear (direct) is the same as that of the engine shaft. The number of revolutions of the fifth and sixth gears increases compared to the number of revolutions of the engine. An additional gear is used for reverse gear, which changes the direction of rotation of the shaft. To prevent the possibility of accidentally engaging reverse gear when moving forward, Passat cars have a switching mechanism in which reverse gear is traditionally engaged by pressing the lever down first.
Use the shift knob to select the desired gear. The shift knob is connected to the gearbox via rods, fork pushers and levers.
Differential and transmission oil
The differential is connected to the gearbox. It is mounted on two conical bearings between the clutch and gearbox housings. Two seals of different diameters seal the shaft outlets. The differential drive gear is secured in the housing and connected to the gears of the wheel drive shafts.
Long-term synthetic oil is used to lubricate the parts of manual gearboxes. Unlike the engine, the oil in the gearbox is practically not consumed. If there are no traces of oil leaks on the outside of the gearbox, then its level has not dropped. However, the oil level must be checked from time to time. In automatic gearboxes, the working fluid level can only be checked in the main gear, the level in the gearbox must be checked at a service station using a special diagnostic device.
[Original posted on the website: www.opelbook.ru]
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