Remember that gasoline is a highly flammable liquid! Observe all applicable fire safety precautions when working on power system components. Do not smoke! Do not approach the place of work with an open flame or carrying an unprotected lampshade! Do not service the system in rooms equipped with natural gas-fired heaters equipped with a pilot flame (such as water heaters and clothes dryers). Do not forget that gasoline is classified as a carcinogen, i.e., substances that contribute to the development of cancer! Try to prevent fuel from getting into open areas of the body - use rubber protective gloves, in case of accidental unforeseen contact with fuel, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap. Clean up spilled fuel immediately and do not store fuel-soaked rags near open flames. Remember that the fuel injection system of models equipped with fuel injection is constantly under pressure. Relieve any residual pressure in the system before attempting to disconnect fuel lines. Wear safety goggles when servicing power system components. Keep a class B fire extinguisher handy at all times!
1. Check the reliability of the electrical connections of the injection system circuit, paying special attention to the condition of the ground terminals. Carefully inspect all electrical connectors related to the operation of the system. Poor quality of electrical contacts causes many problems and is the cause of more than half of engine failures.
2. Check the battery level. The accuracy of controlling the composition of the air-fuel mixture largely depends on the correct functioning of the ECM and information sensors, which is determined, among other things, by the level of their supply voltage.
3. Check the condition of the air cleaner element (see chapter Vehicle settings and routine maintenance), - even a partial violation of the air filter patency has a significant impact on the fuel economy and efficiency of the engine.
4. If the injection system fuse is blown, replace it - if the new fuse also fails immediately, refer to the wiring diagrams (see chapter Onboard electrical equipment) and check the relevant electrical circuit for signs of a short to ground.
5. Check the air hose connecting the air cleaner and the inlet pipeline for signs of leaks leading to a violation of the correct layout of the air-fuel mixture. Also check up a condition of the vacuum hoses connected to the inlet pipeline.
6. Disconnect the air hose coming from the throttle body and check the latter for traces of carbon formation and other deposits (especially in areas close to the throttle valve). If there are signs of throttle fouling, refer to Parts Systems of release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases of this Chapter and diagnose malfunctions of crankcase ventilation systems (PCV) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Treat the throttle with one of the types of special cleaning sprays suitable for use on cars equipped with catalytic converters and lambda probes, wipe the treated surfaces with a clean rag.
7. With the engine running, listen in turn with a stethoscope to each of the injection injectors - a uniform click indicates that the injector is functioning properly. In the absence of a stethoscope at hand, use a long screwdriver, simply pressing the tip of its tip against the injector body and focusing on the vibrations transmitted through the handle.
8. When identifying signs of a malfunction of the injector, you should use a special probe lamp (ask at car accessories stores). The lamp is connected to the electrical connector of the suspect injector. Start the engine and test all injectors with a lamp. The uniform flashing of the lamp confirms the correct functioning of the component. Otherwise, the car should be driven to a service station for more detailed diagnostics.
9. Stop the engine, disconnect the electrical connectors of the injectors and measure the electrical resistance of each of them. Compare the measurement results with the normative requirements, - the required value is 12 ÷ 16 Ohm. Defective injectors must be replaced.
Check the self-diagnosis system for the fault codes stored in its memory (see chapter Engine Electrical Systems).
Performing a more detailed diagnosis of the state of the system should be entrusted to car service specialists who have everything necessary for this (quite expensive) equipment.
Experienced motorists with certain knowledge and appropriate equipment (including tachometer and calibrated gas analyzer) can check the content of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases (SO) and idle speed. Nevertheless, if the parameters being checked require adjustments, they will have to be entrusted to car service specialists who have expensive special diagnostic and adjustment equipment.
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