General information
The electronic engine management system regulates the amount of fuel supplied to the cylinders and controls the ignition process. Various control systems are used on gasoline engines (see The principle of operation of fuel injection systems).
The electronic engine management system provides the following features:
- Accurate fuel dosage in any operating mode, which ensures low fuel consumption at high power.
- Reducing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases due to precise fuel dosing and the use of a catalytic converter.
- Self-diagnosis of the engine management system provides the ability to quickly troubleshoot. One of the most important elements of the engine management system is the self-diagnosis subsystem. If during operation a failure of the functioning of any of the elements of the system is detected, the corresponding fault code is stored in the memory of the ECM processor. Reading and identification of stored codes (see chapter Engine electrical equipment) allows you to quickly identify and eliminate the cause of the failure.
The engine control unit (ECM) plays the role of a think tank and is equipped with a high-speed microprocessor. Based on the analysis of data continuously received from information sensors, the ECM determines the optimal injection moment and the required amount of injected fuel. This also takes into account information processed by the transmission and engine immobilizer control modules.
Elements of the engine management system maintain high performance for a long time and require virtually no maintenance. Only such system elements as the air filter and spark plugs need regular replacements during vehicle maintenance. Serious adjustment and repair work requires the use of sophisticated diagnostic tools, which is why their execution should be entrusted to the specialists of the service station.
Idle speed and carbon monoxide adjustment (SO) not required for maintenance purposes.
Safety precautions when working on the petrol engine management system
Remember that the fuel inside the power system path with the engine running and the ignition on is under pressure. Residual excess pressure continues to be retained in the system for some time after switching off the ignition and must be released before disconnecting the components / disconnecting the fittings!
Do not touch or disconnect the ignition wiring harness while the engine/starter is running.
Persons with an implanted pacemaker must never be allowed to service the elements of the ignition system! Connection and disconnection of measuring instruments must also be carried out with the ignition off.
The fuel lines must be disconnected with the ignition off.
When checking the compression pressure in the cylinders, the power and ignition systems must be turned off (see the relevant Chapter Section Engine)
See also the list of safety measures - see Supply system.
Notes on checks of the engine management system
When looking for the causes of failures, first of all, it is necessary to remove diagnostic codes from the processor memory, as well as check the tightness of the connection of the vacuum lines.
For reliable functioning of all electrical elements of the system, a voltage of at least 11.5 V is required.
If, after the search for and elimination of the causes of failures, the engine stalls immediately after starting, the cause of this phenomenon may be the blocking of the anti-theft system - interrogate the processor memory, if necessary, adjust the corresponding control unit.
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