When the engine is cold, it may happen that the temperature of the compressed air is insufficient for combustion of diesel fuel. Then the fuel is additionally heated. For this purpose, each swirl chamber has a glow plug. The fuel is taken by the high-pressure distributor pump (HPDP), directly from the fuel tank. It creates high pressure, about 135 bar, required for fuel injection into the cylinders, in the order of their operation. At the same time, the HPDP regulator doses the amount of fuel, depending on the position of the gas pedal. Through the injectors, the fuel in a timely manner gets into the pre-chamber of the corresponding cylinder. The intake air, in the compression stroke, is assured and mixed with the injected fuel, creating an optimal combustible mixture.
Before the fuel enters the injection pump, it passes through the fuel filter. Contaminants and water remain in it. Therefore, it is especially important to change the fuel filter in accordance with the maintenance instructions.
The high-pressure fuel pump is maintenance-free. All moving parts of the pump are lubricated with diesel fuel. The high-pressure fuel pump is driven by the crankshaft via a toothed belt, which also drives the camshaft.
Since the diesel engine cannot be switched off by turning off the ignition, it has a solenoid valve. When the power supply is turned off, the voltage supply to the valve is interrupted, and the valve closes the fuel supply channel. This stops the fuel supply before the steering lock is fixed. When the engine is started, voltage is supplied to the solenoid valve and the fuel supply channel is opened.
[Original source on the website opelbook.ru]
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