13. The wheels included in the standard equipment of the vehicles discussed in this Manual are equipped with special tire wear indicators (TWI) (see contrast illustration 5.13a) located in the recesses of the tread pattern along the entire perimeter of the wheel at equal intervals - their position is marked on the side surface of the tire. The minimum permissible tread depth is 1.6 mm, at which pointers protrude from the recesses. You can assess the intermediate degree of tread wear using a special inexpensive device (see accompanying illustration 5.13b) — ask in car accessory stores or at a service station. If the wear of the front tires exceeds the wear of the rear tires, rotate them (see below). To ensure guaranteed driving safety, do not wait for the tread to wear to the limit; it is recommended to replace the tires when the remaining tread depth is 2-3 mm (winter tires — 4 mm).
Caution: The risk of aquaplaning increases especially when the tread pattern is low!
14. Look out for any signs of uneven tread wear (see accompanying illustration). Such local defects as cup-shaped wear, flattening, etc., usually owe their occurrence to violations of the angles of installation of the front wheels, or the balancing of the latter. To identify and eliminate faults, the car should be driven to a specialized auto service workshop or service station.
15. Carefully inspect the tires of all wheels for cuts, punctures, and foreign objects stuck in the grooves of the tread pattern. Sometimes a punctured tire continues to hold air inside for some time because the object that punctured the tire continues to remain stuck in it. A slow deflating tire may be caused by a defective tire inflation valve nipple - check the condition of the nipple (see accompanying illustration 5.15a). Carefully inspect the tread for foreign objects stuck in it and signs of a leak in the seal of the repair "plugs" used to repair small punctures in the tire. It is quite easy to verify the presence of a puncture - just wet the suspected area of the tire surface with a solution of soapy water (see accompanying illustration 5.15b) - if there is a puncture, the solution will start to bubble. Small punctures are usually easily repaired in tire shops.
16. Carefully inspect the inner walls of the tires of all four wheels for any signs of brake fluid leakage. If any are found, immediately check the condition of the corresponding brake mechanisms and the hydraulic lines connected to them.
17. Maintaining the required tire inflation pressure will significantly extend the service life of the wheels, and will also ensure maximum comfort when driving and will not reduce the car's controllability. Excessively low pressure can lead to strong heating of the tires, internal damage and, due to this, at high speeds - to peeling of the running surface of the tires and even to rupture. Hidden damage to tires cannot be eliminated by subsequent adjustment of the air pressure. Remember that it is almost impossible to correctly determine the tire pressure by eye, especially when it comes to radial tires and even more so when it comes to puncture-resistant tires. It is necessary to always have a suitable pressure gauge at hand - the readings of the compressor inflation gauges at gas stations and service stations should not be trusted.
18. Check the tire inflation pressure when the wheels are cold - it is assumed that the car has driven no more than one mile in the last three hours. Remember that an increase in pressure by 0.3 + 0.6 kgf/cmg as a result of the wheel warming up is a completely natural phenomenon - it is impossible to adjust the pressure when the tires are hot. Checking should be done at least once every 14 days.
19. Remove the protective cap from the tire inflation valve. To make it easier to remove the caps, use the special key stored on the inside of the fuel filler cap (see accompanying illustration 5.19a).
Note: On vehicles with a tire pressure monitoring system, the valve cap wrench has an adapter that can be used to install a pressure gauge to check the tire pressure.
Press the pressure gauge nozzle firmly against the valve outlet, squeezing the nipple stem (see accompanying illustration 5.19b). Read the reading and compare it with the standard data, adjust the pressure if necessary.
20. Don't forget to screw the valve cap back on to prevent moisture and dirt from getting into the valve. Check the pressure in all wheels, including the spare.
21. Tires, like any rubber products, age, even if the car is used or operated with low intensity - do not install new or continue to use old wheels if more than 4 years have passed since their manufacture. If the spare wheel has not been used for 6 months, its use is permissible only in extreme cases and only at low speeds. Never use used tires whose origin is unknown to you.
[Text copied from an online resource: www.opelbook.ru]
22. Installing protective/decorative caps may change the cooling conditions of the brake mechanisms - use only caps approved by Opel for this model, preferably original ones.
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