You will need a compression gauge to do the job. We work with an assistant.
Execution sequence
1. We prepare the car for work (see «Preparing the car for maintenance and repair»).
2. We warm up the engine to operating temperature (not lower than 70°C) and turn off the ignition.
3. We turn out all the spark plugs (see «Spark plugs - check and replacement»).
4. On vehicles with engines 1.4; 1.6 DOHC disconnect the wiring harness block from the fuel pump (see «Fuel pump - check and replace»), on cars with a 1.8 DOHC engine, remove the Ef6 fuse (see «Mounting Blocks - Replacing Fuses and Relays»),
5. We install the compression gauge in the spark plug hole of one of the cylinders according to the instructions attached to the compression gauge.
6. The assistant presses the gas pedal all the way and turns on the starter for 5-10 seconds.
7. We write down the readings of the device.
8. Similarly, we carry out a compression test in the three remaining engine cylinders.
For a serviceable engine, the compression in the cylinders must be at least 10.5 kgf / cm2, and the difference in compression values between the cylinders is not more than 1 kgf/cm2. Moreover, the main attention should be paid to the difference in values between the cylinders. Since the absolute value of compression can change under various conditions: the degree of charge of the battery, the temperature of the engine, the state of the engine start system, the degree of opening of the throttle.
To find out the reason for the decrease in compression in the cylinder, pour 10-20 ml of clean engine oil into it through the candle hole and repeat the test. If the compression value has increased, then the most likely wear of the cylinder or piston, breakage, sticking or wear of the piston rings. If the compression value has not changed, then the cause is most likely a burnout of the piston or valve disc, damage to the cylinder head. Either way, the engine needs to be rebuilt. Checking the technical condition of the cylinder head is described in the relevant section (see «Cylinder head - check»). It is more expedient to entrust the check of the technical condition and repair of the engine block to a specialized Opel center.
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