Engine: 4-cylinder overhead camshaft, and designed based on a series of gasoline engines. The head and cylinder block are cast iron. The crankshaft rotates in five main bearings. The main and crankpins are reinforced to withstand the heavy loads associated with high compression.
The camshaft is driven by a chain from the crankshaft sprocket. It also drives the high pressure fuel pump. The chain tension is regulated by a special tensioner.
The inlet and outlet manifolds are located on the same side of the cylinder head. In Turbo models, a turbogenerator is installed between them.
Lubrication is carried out by means of a pump driven directly from the crankshaft. Oil is pumped from the sump and passes through a sequential filter before entering the main oil galleries in the block and crankshaft. The lubrication system has two pressure control valves, one in the pump and one in the cylinder head, which open when the oil pressure is above a certain value. Bypass valve in oil filter housing ensures continuous oil supply (unfiltered) if the filter element is clogged.
Crankcase ventilation is achieved by two hoses. One connects the camshaft retainer to the dipstick tube, while the other goes from the filter in the camshaft cover to the air filter on the intake manifold side.
The cooling system pump is located at the front of the engine and is driven by a V-belt that also drives the alternator. The cooling system fan is connected to the axis of the cooling pump.
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