Coolant drain
Warning! Wait for the engine to cool down before starting work. Make sure that antifreeze does not get on the skin or the painted surface of the body. Wash off spilled antifreeze as soon as possible with plenty of water. Do not leave a container of antifreeze open and do not spill antifreeze in front of garage doors. Children or pets may be attracted to the sweet smell of antifreeze, however, antifreeze is deadly poisonous.
1. When the engine is completely cool, remove the expansion tank filler cap. Turn the cap counterclockwise, wait for the pressure to release, then unscrew the cap and remove it.
2. If necessary, unscrew the mounting bolts and remove the protective shield from the bottom of the engine to improve access to the radiator drain plug.
3. Place a suitable container under the radiator, then unscrew the drain plug and wait for the coolant to drain into the container. If the plug is not installed, loosen the mounting clamp and disconnect the lower hose from the radiator.
4. When the flow of coolant stops, securely tighten the drain plug or connect the hose and tighten the mounting clamp (depending on what is needed).
5. If you drained the coolant not to replace it, then if it is clean and has lasted at least two years, it can be reused, although this is not recommended.
Flushing the cooling system
If the coolant has not been changed for a long time or the antifreeze content was low, then, over time, the efficiency of the cooling system will decrease, as the channels of the cooling system become clogged with rust, scale and other deposits. The efficiency of the cooling system can be restored by flushing it.
The radiator must be flushed separately from the engine in order not to clog it.
Flushing the radiator
1. Disconnect the upper and lower hoses and all other necessary hoses from the radiator.
2. Insert the water hose into the upper radiator hose. Direct a stream of clean water through the radiator and continue flushing until clean water flows from the lower radiator hose.
3. If, after a long period of time, clean water still does not flow, the radiator can be flushed with a cleaning agent. Follow the cleaning agent manufacturer's instructions. If the radiator is very clogged, insert a hose into the lower radiator pipe and try to flush it in the opposite direction.
Engine flush
1. Remove the thermostat following the instructions in subsection 4.4, then, if the upper radiator hose was disconnected from the engine, reconnect it temporarily.
2. With the upper and lower hoses disconnected from the radiator, insert the water hose into the upper radiator hose. Direct a stream of clean water through the engine and continue flushing the engine until clean water flows from the lower radiator hose.
3. After flushing, replace the thermostat and connect the hoses.
Coolant fill
1. Before filling the cooling system with coolant, check that all hoses and clamps are in good condition and that the clamps are securely tightened. Don't forget that a mixture of antifreeze and water can be used all year round to prevent corrosion on engine components.
2. Remove the filler cap of the expansion tank of the cooling system.
3. Remove the drain screw from the top of the thermostat housing cover.
4. On all engines, add coolant slowly until the level rises to the COLD mark on the side of the expansion tank.
5. Watch the drain screw hole when filling the cooling system with coolant; as soon as coolant flows out of the hole without air bubbles, replace the screw and tighten it securely.
6. After the coolant level is correct, replace the expansion tank filler cap and tighten it securely.
7. Start the engine and wait until it warms up to normal operating temperature (until the cooling fan turns on and then turns off).
8. Stop the engine and wait until it cools down, then check the coolant level again. Add coolant up to the MAX mark, if necessary, and screw on the expansion tank cap.
Antifreeze
Antifreeze should always be replaced at the required intervals. This is necessary not only to maintain the quality of the antifreeze, but also to prevent the formation of corrosion that would otherwise occur as corrosion inhibitors lose their effectiveness over time.
Use only ethylene glycol based antifreeze that can be used in multi-metal cooling systems. The percentage of antifreeze and the minimum allowable operating temperatures are indicated in subsection 2.2.
Before adding antifreeze, it is necessary to drain all coolant from the cooling system, it is advisable to flush the cooling system and check the condition and connection of all hoses.
After pouring antifreeze, a label must be attached to the expansion tank, which will indicate the type and concentration of antifreeze used, as well as the date of filling. Subsequently, it is necessary to add only antifreeze of this brand and concentration.
Do not pour antifreeze designed for the engine cooling system into the windshield/rear screen washer system, as it will damage the body paint. It is necessary to add a special additive to the washer system in exactly the amount indicated on the container with the additive.
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