OPEL OMEGA diesel engine (from 9/88) equipped with a gas turbine supercharger. In a turbocharger, both turbine wheels are located on the same shaft, but in housings independent of each other. Turbine wheels are driven by exhaust gases. The wheels rotate the shaft at speeds up to 120,000 rpm. Because exhaust and suction wheels are on the same shaft, fresh air is pumped into the cylinders at a constant speed of rotation. In the new, more powerful turbo engines, the compressed air also passes through a radiator, where it is further compressed.
Due to the high volumetric efficiency, the increase in power in such engines is up to 100%. But the increase in power, among other factors, affects the boost pressure, which in passenger cars ranges from 0.4 to 0.8 bar. If the boost pressure exceeds the value set by the manufacturer, then the bypass valve opens and the pressure decreases.
In addition to engine power, the presence of a turbocharger also increases torque, which primarily has a beneficial effect on the smooth operation of the engine. The main thing is that the blower shaft rotates at an increased speed and provides a significant volumetric efficiency. As a rule, in an engine running at 1800-2200 rpm, boost pressure is already in effect.
Unlike gasoline engines, diesel engines do not require compression reduction due to supercharging. and at low speeds, the injected fuel is completely exhausted.
The turbocharger is a part that must work with high precision. Therefore, it is recommended that only a specialist repair it. As a rule, in case of damage to the supercharger, it is replaced as a set.
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