Purifiers
Injection system cleaner and choke cleaner is a strong solvent for tar, soot and carbon deposits. Most cleaners leave behind a dry-type lubricating film that does not harden or tar over time. It is precisely because of the formation of such a film that these cleaners are not recommended for washing electrical components.
Brake Cleaner is used to remove traces of grease and brake fluid from the surfaces of brake system components where absolute cleanliness is paramount for efficient operation. The cleaner leaves no residue and in many cases eliminates the squeal of brakes caused by contamination of their components.
Cleaner for electrical components helps to remove oxide films, traces of corrosion and deposits from contact surfaces without disturbing the electrical conductivity. It can also be used to clean spark plugs, jets, voltage regulators and other components where complete removal of oil and grease is desired.
Dehumidifiers are used to remove water and moisture from the surfaces of electrical components such as generator, voltage regulator, fuse box, electrical connectors, etc. Dehumidifiers are generally non-conductive, non-corrosive, and non-flammable.
Degreasers are super strong solvents and are used to remove traces of grease from the exterior surfaces of the engine and chassis components. Available in the form of aerosols or applied with a brush or brush and, depending on the type, washed off with either water or a solvent.
Lubricants
Engine oils are specially formulated formulations for lubricating internal engine components. They usually contain a wide range of various additives that serve to prevent foaming and corrosion. Engine oils are produced in various viscosity grades, each viscosity grade has its own code - from 0 to 80 (SAE standards system). The need to use one or another type of oil is usually determined by climatic conditions and the requirements of a particular engine (see chapter 1). Liquid (lungs) oils are typically used in cold climates and light engine loads. Heavy (viscous) oils are used in hot conditions and under increased engine loads. Multigrade oils have the characteristics of both light and heavy oils and are usually designated 5W-20 to 20W-50.
The quality of motor oils
Multigrade oils are relatively inexpensive oils with the following qualities:
- Year-round use in temperate climate zones;
- Excellent washing properties;
- Good lubricity at all temperatures and engine loads;
- High stability of initial properties for a long time.
All-weather oils with improved anti-friction properties, in addition, have additional advantages:
- Possibility of year-round use at almost all possible outdoor temperatures;
- Small engine power losses due to friction;
- Facilitates cold start of the engine - even at very low temperatures.
Note: Seasonal oils, due to their specific viscosity-temperature properties, cannot normally be used all year round. Therefore, these oils should only be used in extreme climatic zones.
Additives for motor oils
No friction reducing additives should be added to motor oils.
Blending oils
This and similar questions are of interest to many motorists. Unfortunately, there is no single answer to them. Modern oils include various additives that improve their properties. When oils of different grades are used together, these additives can chemically react with each other, form an abrasive residue and / or change the properties of the oils, which can lead to unforeseen consequences and engine failure. Each company produces commercial oils by adding additives to the oil base, the chemical composition of which is kept secret. Therefore, many high-quality oils of the same purpose, but according to the technologies of different companies, when mixed, are capable of creating low-quality mixtures. Oils from different companies are interchangeable, the possibility of using such oils is often indicated by engine developers. But that doesn't mean they can be mixed. The API classification and the ACEA specification require the same test methods (laboratory, bench - motor, etc.) oils from different companies. If desired (or need) developers can introduce additional tests (or more stringent conditions) to these classifications.
Attention: Never add oil of another modification if you do not have absolutely accurate information about the compatibility of these oils!
The same applies to mixing mineral or synthetic oils (even one company). Oils of the same company may only be mixed if the manufacturer of the oil recommends and is responsible for this. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for the quality of oils to deteriorate when mixing oils, and long-term use of these mixtures is unacceptable, as this can result in «knock» engine.
Today, there is still an opinion among some motorists that a diesel engine «will eat» All. But the time of low-speed diesel engines of the beginning and middle of the last century, which did not impose relatively high requirements on oil quality, is long gone. Attempts to fill a modern diesel engine with oil, the quality of which does not meet the requirements of a particular brand of engine, will inevitably lead to its failure.
It is necessary to make it a rule: use high-quality engine oil of the same brand that matches the engine (by classification), to top up the system, have in the car a small amount of the appropriate oil in a tight, hermetically sealed container. The engine will thank for this reliable work. Do not buy oil from your hands, as the packaging is easy to fake!
Gear oil designed for use in differentials, gearboxes, and other applications where high temperature resistance is required.
Chassis and Wheel Bearing Lubricant is a grease used in high stress and friction applications such as wheel bearings, suspension ball joints, tie rod ends and universal joints.
High temperature wheel bearing grease is able to withstand the high temperatures found in wheel bearings in vehicles equipped with disc brakes. Typically contains molybdenum disulphide, which is a dry type lubricant.
white grease (cyatim) is a thick lubricant applied to metal surfaces in contact with each other in places where there are problems with increased moisture. Remains soft at both low and high temperatures, does not wash out or thin with water.
Assembly grease is a specialty grease for high pressure applications, typically contains molybdenum, and is used to lubricate highly stressed components (such as main and connecting rod bearings and cam lugs) before the first start of the engine after the completion of the overhaul.
Silicone lubricants are used to protect rubber, plastic, vinyl and nylon components.
Graphite lubricants are used where oil cannot be used due to contamination problems (e.g. in castles). Dry graphite perfectly lubricates metal parts, preventing them from being exposed to moisture, acids and other aggressive contaminants. The lubricant is electrically conductive and does not interfere with contact in such components as, for example, the ignition switch.
Molybdenum-containing penetrating compounds are used to facilitate release «stuck» fasteners, as well as for lubricating fasteners to prevent future corrosion.
Thermally conductive grease is non-conductive and is used to install electronic ignition modules, which require intensive heat dissipation.
Sealants
RTV Sealant is the most widely used gasket sealant. Silicon-based, air-drying, seals, adheres, is water-resistant, fills surface defects, remains elastic, does not shrink or shrink, is relatively easy to remove and is used in addition to almost all gaskets on nodes where temperatures do not exceed average values.
Anaerobic sealant, unlike RTV sealant, can be used not only in addition to gaskets, but also to form them. Remains flexible, resistant to solvents and fills uneven surfaces well. The main difference from RTV sealant lies in the curing conditions. If RTV Sealant begins to cure after being exposed to air, anaerobic sealant will only set in the absence of air. This means that the hardening of such a sealant occurs only after the components are assembled and pressed tightly against each other.
Sealant for pipes and threaded connections is used for sealing nipple connections of hydraulic, pneumatic and vacuum lines. Usually made from a Teflon compound and supplied as an aerosol, applied like liquid paint, or as a tape (FUM).
Chemicals
The anti-seize compound serves to prevent «sticking», corrosion, jamming and cold welding fasteners. High temperature anti-seize sealants are usually made with copper based or graphite based lubricants and are used in exhaust system and exhaust manifold fasteners.
Anaerobic tack compounds are used to prevent spontaneous release of fasteners under the influence of vibrations and harden only after installation in the absence of contact with air. Medium-strength tacking compounds are used for fixing small fasteners (nuts, bolts, screws), which are subject to regular giving in the future. High strength compounds are typically used to block large fasteners that are not released on a regular basis.
Oil additives are used to change the chemical properties of the oil without changing its viscosity in order to reduce internal friction in the engine. It should be noted that most manufacturers of motor oils warn against the use of any additives to them.
Fuel additives perform several functions at once, depending on their chemical composition. They usually contain solvents that contribute to the removal of slag and the removal of carbon deposits from the internal surfaces and components of the fuel injection system and the intake tract. In addition, the use of such additives helps to remove coal deposits that form on the walls of combustion chambers. Some additives contain substances that serve to lubricate the components of the upper part of the cylinder head (valve train, piston rings), others help to remove condensate from the walls of the fuel tank.
Other
Brake fluid is a specially formulated compound that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures that occur in the brake system. Do not allow brake fluid to come into contact with painted surfaces of the vehicle or exposed areas of the body. Brake fluid is poisonous. Keep brake fluid in a sealed container to prevent moisture from entering it (liquid is very hygroscopic) and dirt.
During the operation of the car, the brake fluid takes a certain amount of water from the surrounding air. Too much water in the brake fluid can eventually cause corrosion of parts in the service brake system. In addition, this significantly reduces the boiling point of the brake fluid.
Therefore, the brake fluid should be changed at least once every two years!
Note: If the brake fluid is very old, it is possible, when the working brake system is heavily loaded, that vapor bubbles can form in the system. This has a negative effect on the efficiency of the service brake system and thus on traffic safety.
Note: Only recommended brake fluid should be used (DOT 4).
Adhesive for fastening the sealing strips of body openings, as its name implies, is used to fasten the sealing strips of the openings of doors, windows and luggage compartment lids. It can be used for fixing elements of interior decoration.
Underbody Anti-Corrosion Coating is a petroleum-based, tar-like compound that provides a protective coating to metal surfaces to prevent corrosion. In addition, it performs the function of soundproofing the cabin.
Waxes and polishes are used to protect painted surfaces from environmental influences. Different types of paint may require the use of different types of waxes and polishes. Some polishes contain abrasive or chemical additives to remove the outer layer of oxides (tarnishing) from the painted surfaces of old cars. Recently, various types of wax-free polishes are widely introduced on the market, which include many chemical additives, such as polymers or silicon-based substances. These polishes are usually easier to apply and last longer than regular polishes (wax).
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