If you need to find a malfunction in electrical equipment or install additional electrical units, then you can’t do without electrical circuit diagrams, since they reflect the current characteristics and wire connections. For example, just having voltage applied to the positive terminal of the headlight is not enough unless the circuit is simultaneously closed to «mass» (-).
Therefore, the negative pole of the battery (-) also wired to the body. Sometimes such accession to «mass» (-) is not enough, and one or another consumer of electricity has a separate wire connecting it to the car body. Such wires usually have brown insulation. Switches, relays, fuses, measuring instruments, electric motors and other electrical components and parts can be combined in separate circuits. So that they can be connected correctly, each contact has a corresponding designation.
Each electrical circuit must be closed, otherwise the electric current will not flow.
To facilitate the perception and understanding of the wire connections in the diagram, each wire is placed vertically next to each other and is numbered.
If an electric circuit is interrupted by a square with a number inside it, then this number indicates the further path of the current in the circuit after the connection.
When using circuit diagrams, it is most rational to proceed as follows:
First, find the corresponding part in the legend, for example, the cabin blower switch. In the left column, next to the name of the part, the corresponding designation is given in the form of a number, under which this part is indicated on the diagram on a horizontal line.
For a more accurate distinction, numbers are added to the letter designations. The most important terminals (contacts) are the following:
- Terminal 30. This terminal is constantly powered by the battery. The wire insulation is usually red or red with colored stripes.
- Terminal 31. It is connected to «weight» (-). Wires leading to «mass» (-), as a rule, have brown insulation.
- Terminal 15. Voltage is supplied to it through the ignition switch. Current flows through these wires only when the ignition is on. The wire is usually insulated in green or green with colored stripes.
In the diagram, individual wires are indicated by numbers.
For example: 1.5
The digital designation corresponds to the cross section of the wires. Since wires of the same color are often used in different electrical circuits, the color of the wires of the corresponding terminals should be taken into account.
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