Cylinder block
The cylinder block, cast from an aluminum alloy, has four cylinders arranged in a row. Cylinders have pressed steel liners. At the bottom of the block there are five main bearings for installing the crankshaft, and on the second main bearing (from the front of the engine) installation of the persistent semirings regulating an axial backlash of a cranked shaft is provided. The cylinder block uses the design of the crankshaft main bearing bed plate, so the engine crankcase is formed by the upper and lower parts. This design allows for greater rigidity of the cylinder block and reduces noise and vibration.
Crankshaft
The crankshaft main journals have transverse lubrication holes, and the upper main bearing shells have grooves. The balance shaft drive sprocket is movably mounted on the crankshaft. The bearing of the second main bearing is equipped with thrust half rings. Torsional vibrations are damped by a damper pulley.
Connecting rods and pistons
The connecting rods use floating piston pins. The pistons are made of aluminum alloy. Piston rings have a low expansion force to reduce friction. The top compression ring is made of molybdenum coated ductile iron with phosphated sidewalls. The second compression ring is made of gray cast iron. The spring design oil scraper ring is chrome-plated and consists of three parts.
Oil pan
The oil pan is made of aluminum alloy. The oil pan incorporates the transmission mounts for added structural strength.
Complete balancer shafts
The engine is equipped with two balancer shafts located on both sides of the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder bores. The balance shafts are driven by a single row roller chain which also drives the water pump. The drive chain is tensioned by a hydraulic tensioner fed directly from the oil pump. This design maximizes the efficiency of the balance shaft system and reduces noise and vibration.
Cylinder head
The cylinder head is produced by aluminum casting in a semi-permanent mold. Guide bushings and valve seats are made of sintered metal and pressed into the cylinder head. The fuel injectors are located under the intake ports. In addition, the design of the cylinder head includes main bearings and camshaft bearing caps.
Valves
Each cylinder has two intake and two exhaust valves. Each intake valve uses a cranking mechanism located at the bottom of the valve spring to reduce inertial masses. All valves are equipped with oil seals.
Camshafts
The engine uses two camshafts: one for intake and one for exhaust valves. The camshafts are made of ductile iron.
Valve lifters
Roller rockers and hydraulic lifters are used to lift the valves. Roller rocker arms reduce friction and noise.
Cylinder head cover
The cylinder head cover has a steel throttle for the crankcase ventilation system, as well as places for installing elements of the ignition system.
Timing gear drive
A single-row roller chain is used to drive the gas distribution mechanism. A tensioner and damper are used to control chain movement and reduce noise. The timing chain drive ensures a long operating period and is virtually maintenance free.
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