General information (Opel Insignia A)

Cylinder block

The cast iron cylinder block has four cylinders arranged in a row. In the lower part of the block there are five main bearings for installing the crankshaft, and the third main bearing is provided with the installation of thrust half rings that regulate the axial play of the crankshaft.

Crankshaft

The steel crankshaft has 8 balancers. It is mounted on five main bearings with plain bearing liners. The third main bearing is also equipped with thrust half rings that regulate the axial play of the crankshaft. The balance pulley of the crankshaft controls its torsional vibration.

Oil pan

The oil pan, mounted on the cylinder block, has a built-in oil intake pipe connected to the oil pump.

Two-stage turbocharger

A turbocharger is a device that supplies hot, compressed air to the combustion chambers of an engine via a turbine/impeller driven by the exhaust stream, thereby increasing engine power. Since hot, compressed air reduces the combustion efficiency of the fuel-air mixture, it is cooled in an intercooler after leaving the turbocharger (intercooler). The intercooler is installed at the front, at the top of the radiator of the cooling system, and uses the air flow passing through the radiator grille during the movement of the car to cool the supercharged air. The two-stage design of the turbocharger allows optimizing the boost pressure in all engine operating modes. At low engine speeds, air is supplied under low pressure, and as the speed increases, the pressure of the supercharged air increases.

Cylinder head

The cylinder head contains two camshafts that open 4 valves per cylinder using roller rocker arms and tappets. The drive sprocket is installed in the front part of the camshaft. Since the valve tappets are equipped with hydraulic compensators, there is no need to adjust the valve clearance. The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy, which provides it with high strength and rigidity with low weight. The combustion chamber design allows for increased swirl of the fuel-air mixture during injection, which maximizes combustion efficiency.

Valves

Each cylinder has two inlet and two outlet valves, actuated by means of tappets with hydraulic compensators.

Camshafts

The valve timing mechanism uses two camshafts - one for the intake valves and the other for the exhaust valves. The camshafts are made of cast iron. A toothed belt is used to drive the camshafts, the tension of which is adjusted by a tensioner. The second camshaft is driven from the first by means of gears.

Forced crankcase ventilation system

The forced crankcase ventilation system allows to reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

The Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) valve supplies crankcase gases to the turbocharger intake. Depending on the engine operating mode, driving conditions and boost pressure, the valve regulates the amount of crankcase gases supplied.