Comment. The electrical equipment of the engine management system is covered in a separate chapter (see «Engine management system»).
A maintenance-free battery is installed on the cars, which ensures the operation of the starter when starting the engine, as well as the operation of the car's security system during parking, the operation of the electric door lock (central lock) and other electrical equipment when the engine is not running. During engine operation, the equipment is powered by a generator. Part of the energy generated by the generator is used to recharge the battery.
The supply voltage for most electricity consumers is supplied through a switch (lock) ignition. Switches and switches of the main and additional electrical equipment are installed on the instrument panel and on the steering column.
Power supply circuits for powerful electricity consumers (headlights, windshield wiper, heated rear window, engine cooling radiator fan, fog lights) switched through a relay. Also, through the relay, the wiper, alarm and direction indicators are switched on.
All vehicle electrical circuits (except for the power circuits of the starter and generator) protected by fuses.
The rated operating current of the fuse is indicated on its body. In addition, the color of the fuse body corresponds to a certain current value:
- 5 A - beige
- 7.5 A - brown
- 10 A - red
- 15 A - blue
- 20 A - yellow
- 25 A - white
- 30 A - green.
Fuses and relays are installed in mounting blocks located in the engine compartment and on the left side of the instrument panel (see more details. «Fuse and relay mounting blocks»).
The electrical wiring is assembled in bundles of copper wires with multi-colored insulation.
Most of the electrical connections of electrical equipment are made on detachable blocks.
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